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The role of fathers in parenting young children differs dramatically across societies. Policymakers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are increasingly focused on increasing the amount of early childhood stimulation and other investments received by young children in an attempt to increase ...

Center-based childcare programs are expanding rapidly in low- and middle-income countries. While the impacts of these programs on women’s labor market outcomes are consistently positive, what are the impacts on children’s developmental outcomes? We systematically review 71 studies of center-based ch...

Enrolling in preschool at age three has large positive impacts on vocabulary in children’s mother tongue, which is the primary language of instruction in preprimary in Kenya. However, these short-term gains do not necessarily translate into persistent advantages in vocabulary or other measures of c...

We evaluate two labor market interventions targeting young women in Nairobi, Kenya. The first was a multifaceted program involving vocational training, in-kind transfers of physical capital, and ongoing mentoring. The second was an unrestricted cash grant. Both interventions shift women into self-em...

We model household investments in young children when parents and older siblings share caregiving responsibilities and when investments by older siblings contribute to young children’s human capital accumulation. Having an older sister rather than an older brother improves younger siblings’ vocabula...