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For official bilateral development agencies, the realities of providing effective development cooperation are increasingly complex, as competing demands and changing international and domestic contexts are raising fundamental questions around what it means to be an effective agency. This paper explo...

Official development assistance (ODA) is at a crossroads, and reform is needed to balance the original mission of poverty reduction with the growing demands of global challenges such as climate change. While there is broad agreement on the need to clarify ODA’s purpose, modernise its governance fram...

Questions concerning the relevance and reform of official development assistance (ODA), and how ODA and broader development finance could—or should—change to better reflect shifting demands are not new, with academics and policymakers suggesting a range of options for reform. In this background note...

Frequent efforts to revise the official development assistance (ODA) accounting rules have raised important questions about the integrity and relevance of what currently “counts” as ODA spending. In this note, we outline a brief history of the evolution of the ODA accounting rules to date, highlight...

Development finance institutions (DFIs) and bilateral development agencies play different yet complementary roles that ultimately aim to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. But questions remain about how well this relationship works in practice. Recent analysis suggests that DFI and developme...