Research

The pace of MDB reforms remains inadequate to have a material impact on sustainable development. Our assessment is buttressed by the results of a survey of international experts, who remain skeptical that there is enough momentum to implement sufficiently deep reforms across key areas. We have id...

This study investigates the short-term impacts of a school leadership professional development program implemented in 525 randomly selected schools across Rwanda from 2018 to 2019. The program aimed to enhance the skills of school headteachers in leadership, management, and teacher support. Although...

The reform agenda is long and complicated. MDB shareholders, managers, and other stakeholders need a systematic way to assess progress as objectively and independently as possible. CGD has built this MDB reform tracker for this purpose. The aim is a comprehensive tool, but also a focus on reform pro...

The global locus of undervaccination is increasingly shifting from the poorest countries in the world—which are eligible for support from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance—to middle-income countries (MICs) that do not qualify for traditional Gavi support. Given these growing challenges, Gavi must rethink i...

This note presents the concept of Day Zero Financing, a proposed solution for how the world should respond to future pandemics. It begins with a definition of Day Zero Financing, emphasizing its importance and how it operates. The discussion then covers 10 essential aspects of the concept, including...

This CGD Note outlines a proposal for a New Compact between Gavi and partner countries. We outline a package of policy shifts for Gavi to consider, in line with the core approach of prioritising country ownership and financing of the highest priority vaccines while health aid is provided at the marg...

Star firms, defined as the top 10 percentile of firms in the world in terms of return on invested capital, are more likely to occur in high-income countries and manufacturing industry, but there is an increasing share of star firms from middle-income countries and the services sector. Star firms hav...