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Research
Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
TESTIMONY
Remarks to the European Parliament on EFSD/ EFSD+
September 24, 2025
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Research
WORKING PAPER
September 15, 2025
Noncommunicable diseases—driven by tobacco use, harmful alcohol consumption, and high-sugar diets—account for over 70 percent of global deaths and impose annual economic losses exceeding US $514 billion. Excise taxes on these health-harming products offer a dual benefit of reducing consumption and r...
SPEECH
November 01, 2024
There is a strong case for investing in education. It is a key driver of economic growth and fosters productivity gains, as seen by recent experiences in several Asian countries. While the benefits of education are well recognized, realizing these outcomes depends on the availability of fiscal space...
CGD NOTE
October 18, 2024
The IMF’s Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF) is now two years old. Demand for new RSF programs appears to be declining despite the significant climate finance needs in many lower- and middle-income countries. To enhance the RSF’s appeal, we propose three recalibrations to program design.
BRIEF
July 09, 2024
On March 19, 2024, the European Parliament's Committee on Development hosted a workshop titled “Confronting Debt, Climate Change, and Poverty: Global Financial Architecture Reform and the Fiscal Space of Developing Countries.” CGD experts contributed briefing on key elements of the discussion: the c...
CGD NOTE
March 15, 2024
The November guidance on RSF seems to have addressed some of the shortcomings observed in the initial RSF programs. However, as we highlight in this note, other deficiencies remain unresolved and require attention from the IMF’s Executive Board during the upcoming RSF review.
WORKING PAPER
October 24, 2023
Climate change is a systemic risk to the global economy. While there is a large body of literature documenting the potential economic consequences of climate change, there is relatively little research on the link between vulnerabilities to climate change, the buildup of climate debt by countries wi...
