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Research
Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
TESTIMONY
Remarks to the European Parliament on EFSD/ EFSD+
September 24, 2025
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CGD NOTE
July 31, 2025
In 2014, G20 leaders committed to reducing the gender labor force participation gap by 25 percent by 2025 to boost global growth and reduce inequality, leading to a decade of policy efforts across countries. As the target year approaches, only nine G20 countries have met the specific reduction goal,...
CGD NOTE
July 09, 2025
It is reasonable to argue that the IDA results measurement framework needed reform when donors negotiated IDA21. By IDA20, the framework lacked cohesion and included more than 1,000 programmatic funding targets, only a few of which had corresponding indicators showing any connection between inputs (...
CGD NOTE
June 13, 2025
Early marriage remains common in many parts of the world and is linked to negative outcomes for women and their children, especially among girls from poor households. While economic insecurity and social norms often drive families to prioritize early marriage over continued education, evidence shows...
WORKING PAPER
May 22, 2025
In many parts of the world, women’s land rights remain informal, leaving widows—especially those without a male heir—at high risk of losing access to their land and homes when their husbands die. We study whether large-scale land formalization programs can improve widows’ tenure security, using data...
POLICY PAPER
December 17, 2024
Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, Rwanda, and Senegal invest less than 0.2 percent of GDP and about 2 percent of their education budgets on pre-primary education, below international recommendations. We recommend policies to enhance transparency, prioritize early childhood funding, and use international aid to ...
WORKING PAPER
December 10, 2024
We study how marriage market considerations influence parental investments in daughters’ education in Pakistan. Using a hypothetical choice methodology, we estimate parents’ preferences and willingness-to-pay for marital customs and daughters’ marital and post-marital outcomes. Our findings highligh...
REPORT
November 13, 2024
Drawing on extensive research and consultations with adolescent girls, policy makers, and practitioners, this report reveals that investing in adolescent girls can yield a tenfold return in economic impact. It outlines six key areas for targeted action: building human capital, enhancing economic suc...
