Ideas to action: independent research for global prosperity
Research
Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
CGD NOTES
June 17, 2024
BRIEFS
June 17, 2024
WORKING PAPERS
June 10, 2024
WORKING PAPERS
June 12, 2024
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Research
BRIEFS
June 17, 2024
The International Development Association (IDA)—the World Bank’s arm that works in low- and lower-middle-income countries—is one of the largest sources of development assistance for the world’s poorest countries. It is also a crucial tool for resource-constrained governments to borrow on affordable ...
CGD NOTES
June 06, 2024
Most foreign aid comes in one of two forms: either we pay a person or an institution today in exchange for delivering some beneficial activity in the future, or we observe something bad happen to them and then give them support to recover from it. In this note, I identify a broad family of alternati...
CGD NOTES
May 07, 2024
IDA faces many headwinds—difficult aid politics in key donor countries; a high-interest rate environment that renders its financial model less efficient; and deteriorating credit quality in many of its client countries that makes risk taking less appealing. Breaking the $100 billion mark is not a po...
POLICY PAPERS
March 21, 2024
Already constrained by the economic aftershocks of COVID-19, the impact of the war in Ukraine, and the food and climate crisis, low-income countries and lower-middle-income countries now face a combination of soaring debt and high interest rates. Confronted with insufficient liquidity to respond to ...
CGD NOTES
March 20, 2024
Development finance institutions (DFIs) and bilateral development agencies play different yet complementary roles that ultimately aim to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. But questions remain about how well this relationship works in practice. Recent analysis suggests that DFI and developme...
WORKING PAPERS
February 22, 2024
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) already contributes to almost five million deaths per year. Without action, this number will likely rise substantially. We provide the first comprehensive assessment of the economic drivers of ABR, arguing that ABR in large part arises from extensive unresolved market (an...
WORKING PAPERS
January 29, 2024
A two-stage experiment disentangles the effect of various aspects of pay-for-performance contracts. The first is a lab-in-the-field experiment where 1,359 health workers are primed with a checklist of salient clinical tasks, then randomized within 690 clinics to receive no incentives, rewards, or pe...