From the article:
When it became clear that the United States actually needed Mexicans for seasonal work, Franklin Roosevelt created the bracero program, an initiative to bring in Mexicans legally as guest workers during the harvest season. It lasted until 1964, brought down by concerns about the treatment of the workers and the impact on agricultural jobs for Americans. But as a team of economic researchers led by the Center for Global Development’s Michael Clemens found, “excluding the Mexican braceros did not affect the wages or employment of U.S. farmworkers.”
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