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Research
Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
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Remarks to the European Parliament on EFSD/ EFSD+
September 24, 2025
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Research
POLICY PAPER
March 06, 2024
The majority of refugees worldwide live in urban areas. It is often assumed that these urban-based refugees are self-reliant and no longer require external support, but the experience of 136,887 refugees who live in Kampala, Uganda and the 96,348 refugees who live in Nairobi, Kenya challenges that a...
WORKING PAPER
March 05, 2024
Social safety nets can enhance women’s economic inclusion and agency, but their impacts vary by intervention type. Challenges remain in implementing gender-sensitive designs, and data gaps for certain regions, contexts and outcomes should be closed in future evaluations.
WORKING PAPER
February 23, 2024
As the politics of polarization gain traction and electoral support, a new vintage of populism is emerging in Latin America. This new version shares some aspects with the type of cultural populism now common in advanced economies that divides societies into antagonistic camps. But there are also imp...
WORKING PAPER
February 22, 2024
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) already contributes to almost five million deaths per year. Without action, this number will likely rise substantially. We provide the first comprehensive assessment of the economic drivers of ABR, arguing that ABR in large part arises from extensive unresolved market (an...
WORKING PAPER
February 20, 2024
This paper provides a discussion of future trends as established in the literature on the interaction between socioeconomic indicators and projected future climate change scenarios. It enhances our understanding of future predicted patterns of climate change effects in the coming decades and the nee...
CGD NOTE
February 20, 2024
An increasing proportion of official development assistance (ODA) is being dedicated to climate, and climate mitigation in particular. Even were that spending highly effective, and despite reaching about $30 billion in 2020, it is not large enough to finance investment that would significantly slow ...
WORKING PAPER
February 08, 2024
A fracturing of the institutional infrastructure undergirding globalization would harm efforts to cope with urgent national problems and international crises. The imperative for the leading economic powers is to defuse threats to globalization and to promote resilience of global value chains. The fl...
