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Research
Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
TESTIMONY
Remarks to the European Parliament on EFSD/ EFSD+
September 24, 2025
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BRIEF
November 07, 2024
How committed is each country to tackling climate change at home and to helping developing countries? We consider nine key indicators on the world’s major economies spanning their climate contributions in three areas: international finance, policy, and emissions. Indicators are calculated to be comp...
CGD NOTE
October 28, 2024
A major shortcoming of the $100 billion climate finance goal agreed in 2009 was the absence of a clear baseline. With draft negotiating text for a new climate finance goal now available, we set out some relevant starting measures and amounts to inform the negotiations going into COP29 and make recom...
BRIEF
September 24, 2024
The EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a critical tool, both for gaining the support of domestic voters and stakeholders for carbon pricing; and in incentivizing other major economies—including the US, China, and India—to accelerate their plans to tackle carbon in industry. Already, t...
BRIEF
September 09, 2024
The EU, when combined with its Member States, is the world’s largest provider of climate finance, but its efforts are not having the geopolitical or climate impacts they should. we propose that the EU create a climate finance impact taskforce to drive the improvement of climate finance programming a...
CGD NOTE
May 23, 2024
Developed countries committed to provide or mobilise $100 billion (bn) per year in climate finance by 2020. Although that goal was missed, the OECD suggested last year that it was likely that the goal had been met in 2022. In this note, we use newly available bilateral and multilateral finance data ...
