Ideas to action: independent research for global prosperity
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Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
WORKING PAPERS
April 11, 2024
POLICY PAPERS
April 15, 2024
CGD NOTES
April 08, 2024
WORKING PAPERS
April 04, 2024
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CGD NOTES
April 14, 2020
DFIs are not central banks. They do not drive monetary policy stances and overall lending conditions in their countries of operations. Rather, during economic and other shocks, they must find ways to restart or boost financial intermediation for direct and systemic impact on target populations, sect...
POLICY PAPERS
April 02, 2020
China’s lending volumes in developing countries far surpass those of other bilateral creditors and compare in scale only to World Bank lending practices. Where World Bank lending terms, volumes, and policies are publicly available, the state of knowledge on official Chinese financing terms remains l...
WORKING PAPERS
March 30, 2020
There is a little-noticed but important difference between the World Bank’s original goal for poverty reduction and the subsequent UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). While both target the “$1.90 a day” poverty rate, the Bank’s goal was a 3% rate by 2030, while the SDG is to “eradicate” poverty b...
CGD NOTES
March 26, 2020
“Additionality” is central to claims of impact by development finance institutions (DFIs). At its core is the notion that DFIs are necessary to solve a market failure by providing capital, risk mitigation, or some other benefit to a market that is not delivering these services strictly through priva...