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Research
Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
TESTIMONY
Remarks to the European Parliament on EFSD/ EFSD+
September 24, 2025
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Research
WORKING PAPER
July 22, 2025
School meals have proven effective in improving child outcomes, particularly in low-income settings. Yet concerns about funding adequacy and cost efficiency remain. This paper analyzes data from three waves of the Global Child Nutrition Foundation (GCNF) survey (2018–2023), covering 216 programs fro...
BRIEF
July 18, 2025
Gavi’s board and leadership must stretch scarce resources to fulfill a challenging double mandate: (1) stabilizing immunization outcomes and fiscal solvency in Gavi-eligible countries facing severe health financing shocks; and (2) laying the groundwork for durable transformation via a radically simp...
CGD NOTE
July 17, 2025
Just before last year’s Annual Meetings, the IMF approved two key reforms: cutting surcharges to ease borrowing costs for some countries and adopting a strategy to boost the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust (PRGT), which provides interest-free loans to low-income countries. Though distinct, the re...
WORKING PAPER
July 16, 2025
Despite rapid increases in access to school in low- and middle-income countries, learning outcomes remain extremely poor. This has led to calls for a new policy focus on ensuring foundational literacy and numeracy skills. Yet we have little direct, causal evidence on the long-term effects of investi...
BRIEF
July 10, 2025
In this brief—the first in the Tough Times, Tough Choices series that will target the major global health and development institutions and their funders—we propose a different approach: radically streamlining the WHO to fulfil its unique global functions. Instead of muddling through with budget cuts...
