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Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
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Remarks to the European Parliament on EFSD/ EFSD+
September 24, 2025
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POLICY PAPER
July 06, 2021
Over the last decade, Pakistan has seen improvements in the coverage of its networks of bank branches, ATMs, and mobile money agents. However, the country is lagging behind comparator countries when it comes to the financial inclusion of its population; according to the latest estimates, barely 20 p...
CGD NOTE
June 30, 2021
IFC’s board and leadership understand that meeting these goals requires a change in the way that the corporation operates, and a number of recent reforms will help it to deliver. But while these reforms are a welcome start, the IFC will have to change further if it is to meet its targets and reach i...
WORKING PAPER
June 29, 2021
COVID-19 has caused significant morbidity and mortality, both directly and indirectly via the disruption to routine health services. Evidence on the indirect health impacts has largely been anecdotal or modeled, and cause/program-specific. We aimed to document the indirect health impacts in four cou...
CGD NOTE
June 29, 2021
These challenges notwithstanding, Latin America is beginning to benefit from a more benign global economic outlook that is anchored, among other factors, in an expansion in global demand, a resumption of capital flows to emerging markets, and a boom in commodity prices. In this context, the Committe...
CGD NOTE
June 25, 2021
The ILO estimates that the number of women employed in low- and middle-income countries fell 4.7 percent between 2019 and 2020, compared to a 3.3 percent decline for men. Here, we examine one potential element of the story: the fact that women-owned businesses, which tend to hire more women emp...
CGD NOTE
June 25, 2021
The response to the COVID-19 pandemic saw schools close across the globe. The huge majority of children worldwide are in developing countries, and the considerable majority of unpaid care is provided by women. That means women in low- and middle-income countries were likely to have been disproportio...