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Innovative, independent, peer-reviewed. Explore the latest economic research and policy proposals from CGD’s global development experts.
TESTIMONY
Remarks to the European Parliament on EFSD/ EFSD+
September 24, 2025
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CGD NOTE
July 17, 2025
Just before last year’s Annual Meetings, the IMF approved two key reforms: cutting surcharges to ease borrowing costs for some countries and adopting a strategy to boost the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust (PRGT), which provides interest-free loans to low-income countries. Though distinct, the re...
WORKING PAPER
July 16, 2025
Despite rapid increases in access to school in low- and middle-income countries, learning outcomes remain extremely poor. This has led to calls for a new policy focus on ensuring foundational literacy and numeracy skills. Yet we have little direct, causal evidence on the long-term effects of investi...
BRIEF
July 10, 2025
In this brief—the first in the Tough Times, Tough Choices series that will target the major global health and development institutions and their funders—we propose a different approach: radically streamlining the WHO to fulfil its unique global functions. Instead of muddling through with budget cuts...
CGD NOTE
July 09, 2025
It is reasonable to argue that the IDA results measurement framework needed reform when donors negotiated IDA21. By IDA20, the framework lacked cohesion and included more than 1,000 programmatic funding targets, only a few of which had corresponding indicators showing any connection between inputs (...
CGD NOTE
July 02, 2025
Global reserves, though nationally held, are a public good, and modest, risk-mitigated innovations—such as direct allocations of Special Drawing Rights to multilateral development banks—could unlock much-needed financing. Ultimately, realizing this potential will require political leadership, collec...
CGD NOTE
June 30, 2025
In 2025, dramatic cuts to global health financing, including the USAID shutdown, have prompted a wave of articles seeking to “reimagine” global development and global health. Our contribution to this literature expands on our existing proposal—the New Compact for health financing between donors and ...
BRIEF
June 26, 2025
This brief examines how the 40 most important development finance providers perform in terms of both the quantity and quality of their contributions. Although several major providers recently announced significant cuts to their finance that are not yet reflected in the data, our analysis establishes...